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2025Nature

DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning

DeepSeek-AI

What this work does

Separates a correctness-reward RL-only reasoning experiment from a practical multi-stage pipeline combining cold-start supervision, RL, rejection sampling and distillation.

Connection to discovery

A baseline for verifiable-outcome optimization and for distinguishing successful-answer reinforcement from learning how to acquire unknown evidence.

Evidence

The consulted training equations, reward definitions and learning curves show which supervision is removed in R1-Zero and which is reintroduced for R1.

Scope and limitations

Known-answer math and executable code provide reward functions that open-ended science may lack. Reasoning gains do not establish novelty, causal identification or experimental competence.

THE RESEARCH CONVERSATION

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