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2026arXiv

Skills on the Fly: Test-Time Adaptive Skill Synthesis for LLM Agents

Jingxing Wang, Chenyu Zhou, Zhihui Fu et al.

What this work does

Retrieves training trajectories, synthesizes a task-specific skill for a fixed-parameter solver, and optimizes benchmark-specific synthesis prompt slots from rollout feedback.

Connection to discovery

An important harness-adaptation baseline that can improve use of past experience without updating the solver's weights.

Evidence

Inspected paired feedback/atomic prompt edits and ablations of retrieval, skill synthesis and per-dataset optimization.

Scope and limitations

Test-time adaptation in this system is not solver-weight training. Benchmark-specific prompt optimization and retrieval pools require strict split and budget controls.

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