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2025ICML

Learning to (Learn at Test Time): RNNs with Expressive Hidden States

Yu Sun, Xinhao Li, Karan Dalal et al.

What this work does

Treats a small trainable model as recurrent hidden state, updated by a learned self-supervised loss, while outer training learns the surrounding projections and update behavior.

Connection to discovery

Provides a trainable memory mechanism that could consolidate observations during long discovery histories.

Evidence

The body distinguishes inner fast-state parameters from ordinary network parameters and derives minibatch forms for efficient sequence processing.

Scope and limitations

This is an architectural meaning of TTT, distinct from deployment-wide RL or adapting an entire pretrained LLM. Memory quality does not itself verify a scientific hypothesis.

THE RESEARCH CONVERSATION

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