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2026ICLR

Darwin Gödel Machine: Open-Ended Evolution of Self-Improving Agents

Jenny Zhang, Shengran Hu, Cong Lu et al.

What this work does

Evolves agent source code through an archive of candidate agents, selecting self-modifications using downstream coding performance.

Connection to discovery

Makes harness/code improvement a distinct object from model-weight training and preserves stepping stones beyond the current best agent.

Evidence

SWE-bench and Polyglot comparisons include archive and self-improvement ablations as well as transfer across underlying models and languages.

Scope and limitations

Empirical selection replaces the original Gödel-machine proof requirement. Repeated benchmark selection and changing execution budgets need auditing; this is not a demonstrated unlimited self-improvement process.

THE RESEARCH CONVERSATION

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